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Internal carotid artery

Neelam Maurya

INTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY

Q. 1

Which is not a branch of cavernous part of internal carotid artery?

 A

Cavernous branch
 B

Inferior hypophyseal
 C

Meningeal artery
 D

Ophthalmic artery
Q. 1

Which is not a branch of cavernous part of internal carotid artery?

 A

Cavernous branch
 B

Inferior hypophyseal
 C

Meningeal artery
 D

Ophthalmic artery
Ans. D
Explanation:

The internal carotid artery begins at the level of the upper border of the thyroid cartilage as one of the terminal branches of the common carotid artery

Its course is divided into four parts:

Parts of ICA

Branches

(A) Cervical part

No branches

(B) Petrous part

•   Caroticotympanic art.

•   Pterygoid art.

(C) Cavernous part

•   Cavernous branches (to trigerninal ganglion

walls of cavernous and inferior petrosal

sinuses and contained nerves)

 

•   Sup. Hypophyseal a.

 

•   Inf. Hypophyseal a.

 

•   Meningeal a.

(D) Cerebral part

•   Ophthalmic a.

 

•   Anterior cerebral a.

 

•   Middle cerebral a.

 

•   Post. communicating a.

 

•   Ant. choroidal a.
Q. 2

Which of the following is not a branch of cavernous segment of Internal Carotid Artery?

 A

Cavernous Branch
 B

Inferior Hypophyseal Branch
 C

Meningeal branch
 D

Ophthalmic branch
Q. 2

Which of the following is not a branch of cavernous segment of Internal Carotid Artery?

 A

Cavernous Branch
 B

Inferior Hypophyseal Branch
 C

Meningeal branch
 D

Ophthalmic branch
Ans.
D
Explanation:

The ophthalmic artery is a branch of the cerebral part of the internal carotid artery.

Q. 3

All of the following are branches of cerebral part of the internal carotid artery, EXCEPT?

 A

Ophthalmic artery
 B

Anterior cerebral artery
 C

Posterior communicating artery
 D

Meningeal artery
Q. 3

All of the following are branches of cerebral part of the internal carotid artery, EXCEPT?

 A

Ophthalmic artery
 B

Anterior cerebral artery
 C

Posterior communicating artery
 D

Meningeal artery
Ans.
D
Explanation:

Meningeal artery is a branch of cavernous part of Internal carotid artery.

Must know:

The internal carotid artery begins at the superior border of the thyroid cartilage as one of the terminal branches of common carotid artery.

Its course is divided into four parts:
 
Parts of ICA Branches
(A) Cervical parts No branches
(B) Petrous part
  • Caroticotympanic artery
  • Pterygoid artery
(C) Cavernous part
  • Cavernous branches (to trigeminal ganglion, walls of cavernous and inferior petrosal sinuses and contained nerves)
  • Superior hypophysial artery
  • Inferior hypophysial artery
  • Meningeal artery
(D) Cerebral part
  • Ophthalmic artery
  • Anterior cerebral artery
  • Middle cerebral artery
  • Posterior communicating artery
  • Anterior choroidal artery
Q. 4

The internal carotid artery has four segments: the cervical, the intrapetrosal, the cavernous, and the cerebral. Which is NOT a branch of cavernous part of internal carotid artery?

 A

Cavernous branch
 B

Inferior hypophyseal artery
 C

Meningeal artery
 D

Ophthalmic artery
Q. 4

The internal carotid artery has four segments: the cervical, the intrapetrosal, the cavernous, and the cerebral. Which is NOT a branch of cavernous part of internal carotid artery?

 A

Cavernous branch
 B

Inferior hypophyseal artery
 C

Meningeal artery
 D

Ophthalmic artery
Ans.
D
Explanation:

The cavernous part of the internal carotid artery gives rise to numerous small branches:

  • Cavernous branches: Supply the trigeminal ganglion, the walls of the cavernous, and inferior petrosal sinuses, and the nerves contained.
  • A minute meningeal branch: Supply dura mater and bone in the anterior cranial fossa.
  • Numerous small hypophysial branches: Supply the neurohypophysis to form the pituitary portal system.
Q. 5

TRUE about posterior communicating artery is ?

 A

A branch of internal carotid artery
 B

A branch of superior cerebral artery
 C

A branch of middle cerebral artery
 D

Supplies crus cerebri
Q. 5

TRUE about posterior communicating artery is ?

 A

A branch of internal carotid artery
 B

A branch of superior cerebral artery
 C

A branch of middle cerebral artery
 D

Supplies crus cerebri
Ans.
A
Explanation:
Posterior communicating arises from the internal carotid artery before it bifurcates into anterior and middle cerebral artery. It communicates with the posterior cerebral artery and is a part of the circle of Willis.
 
Circle of willis: it is an anastomosis of internal carotid and vertebral artery seen at the base of the brain. This communicating pathway allows equalization of blood-flow between the two sides of the brain, and permits anastomotic circulation, should a part of the circulation be occluded. 
 
Vessels of circle of willis: it is formed in front by the anterior cerebral arteries, branches of the internal carotid, which are connected together by the anterior communicating; behind by the two posterior cerebral arteries, branches of the basilar, which are connected on either side with the internal carotid by the posterior communicating artery.
  • Anterior cerebral artery (left and right)
  • Anterior communicating artery
  • Internal carotid artery (left and right)
  • Posterior cerebral artery (left and right)
  • Posterior communicating artery (left and right)
Ref: Thieme atlas of anatomy: Head and neuroanatomy. Vol. 3, By Michael Schünke, Erik Schulte, Udo Schumacher, Jürgen Rude, page 246
Q. 6

Anterior choroidal artery is a branch of which of the following arteries?

 A

Basilar artery
 B

Anterior cerebral artery
 C

Posterior cerebral artery
 D

Internal carotid artery
Q. 6

Anterior choroidal artery is a branch of which of the following arteries?

 A

Basilar artery
 B

Anterior cerebral artery
 C

Posterior cerebral artery
 D

Internal carotid artery
Ans.
D
Explanation:
Anterior choroidal artery is a branch of internal carotid artery. It supplies blood to the optic tract, posterior limb of internal capsule, ipsilateral cerebral peduncles, choroid plexus of the ipsilateral lateral ventricles, medial temporal lobe, thalamus, and part of corpus striatum.
 
Branches of the Intracranial internal carotid artery are:
  • Meningohypophyseal artery
  • Inferolateral artery
  • Capsular artery
  • Ophthalmic artery
  • Superior hypophyseal artery
  • Posterior communicating artery
  • Anterior choroidal artery
  • Anterior cerebral artery
  • Middle cerebral artery
Ref: Neuroscience in Medicine edited by P. Michael Conn page 150, Waxman S.G. (2010). Chapter 12. Vascular Supply of the Brain. In S.G. Waxman (Ed), Clinical Neuroanatomy, 26e. 
Q. 7

All of the following are the branches of intracavernous part of the internal carotid artery except:

 A

Hypophysial branches
 B

Ophthalmic artery
 C

Branch to trigemical ganglion
 D

Meningeal artery
Q. 7

All of the following are the branches of intracavernous part of the internal carotid artery except:

 A

Hypophysial branches
 B

Ophthalmic artery
 C

Branch to trigemical ganglion
 D

Meningeal artery
Ans.
B
Explanation:

B i.e., Opthalmic artery

Q. 8

No. of branches of the internal carotid artery in the neck is:

 A

1
 B

2
 C

3
 D

None
Q. 8

No. of branches of the internal carotid artery in the neck is:

 A

1
 B

2
 C

3
 D

None
Ans.
D
Explanation:

D i.e. None

Q. 9

Ophthalmic artery is the branch of….part of internal carotid artery :

 A

Intercavernous
 B

Intrapetrous
 C

Intracerebral
 D

Extra cranial
Q. 9

Ophthalmic artery is the branch of….part of internal carotid artery :

 A

Intercavernous
 B

Intrapetrous
 C

Intracerebral
 D

Extra cranial
Ans.
C
Explanation:

C- i.e. Intracerebral

Q. 10

Internal carotid artery at the bifurcantion from the common carotid is –

 A

Lateral to the extermal carotid
 B

Medial to external carotid
 C

Post to external carotid
 D

Anterior to external carotid
Q. 10

Internal carotid artery at the bifurcantion from the common carotid is –

 A

Lateral to the extermal carotid
 B

Medial to external carotid
 C

Post to external carotid
 D

Anterior to external carotid
Ans.
A
Explanation:

A i.e. Lateral to the external carotid artery

Q. 11

What is the nearest relation of the optic nerve

 A

Pituitary Stalk
 B

Internal Carotid Artery
 C

Anterior Choroidal Artery
 D

Anterior Communicating Artery
Q. 11

What is the nearest relation of the optic nerve

 A

Pituitary Stalk
 B

Internal Carotid Artery
 C

Anterior Choroidal Artery
 D

Anterior Communicating Artery
Ans.
B
Explanation:

B. i.e. Internal corotid artery

Q. 12

What is not true for facial artery :

 A

Main source of oxygentaed blood to palatine tonsil
 B

Is a branch of internal carotid artery
 C

Supplies branches to both upper and lower lips
 D

Conveys postganglionic sympathetic nerve fibres
Q. 12

What is not true for facial artery :

 A

Main source of oxygentaed blood to palatine tonsil
 B

Is a branch of internal carotid artery
 C

Supplies branches to both upper and lower lips
 D

Conveys postganglionic sympathetic nerve fibres
Ans.
B
Explanation:

B i.e. Is a branch of internal carotid artery

Q. 13

Investigation of choice for screening of proximal internal carotid artery stenosis is :

 A

Doppler flow USG
 B

CT substraction angiography
 C

MRI
 D

Angiography (DSA)
Q. 13

Investigation of choice for screening of proximal internal carotid artery stenosis is :

 A

Doppler flow USG
 B

CT substraction angiography
 C

MRI
 D

Angiography (DSA)
Ans.
A
Explanation:

Answer is A (Doppler flow USG):

‘Stenosis at the origin of the internal carotid Artery can be identified and quantified reliably by ultrasonography that combines B mode ultrasound image with a Doppler ultrasound assessment of flow velocity.’

Q. 14

Arterial supply to dura mater is from all of the following except

 A

Middle meningeal artery
 B

Internal carotid artery
 C

Ascending pharyngeal artery
 D

Basilar artery
Q. 14

Arterial supply to dura mater is from all of the following except

 A

Middle meningeal artery
 B

Internal carotid artery
 C

Ascending pharyngeal artery
 D

Basilar artery
Ans.
D
Explanation:
  • Numerous arteries supply the dura mater from the internal carotid, maxillary, ascending pharyngeal, occipital, and vertebral arteries.
  • From a clinical standpoint, the most important is the middle meningeal artery, which is commonly damaged in head injuries.
  • The middle meningeal artery arises from the maxillary artery in the infratemporal fossa. To enter the cranial cavity, it passes through the foramen spinosum to lie between the meningeal and endosteal layers of dura.
  • The anterior (frontal) branch’s course corresponds roughly to the line of the underlying precentral gyrus of the brain. The posterior (parietal) branch curves backward and supplies the posterior part of the dura mater.
Q. 15

Angiographically, the typical “beaded” or “pile of plates” appearance involving the internal carotid artery is observed in:

 A

Takayu’s disease
 B

Non-specific aorto-arteritis
 C

Fibromuscular dysplasia
 D

Rendu-Osler-Weber Disease
Q. 15

Angiographically, the typical “beaded” or “pile of plates” appearance involving the internal carotid artery is observed in:

 A

Takayu’s disease
 B

Non-specific aorto-arteritis
 C

Fibromuscular dysplasia
 D

Rendu-Osler-Weber Disease
Ans.
C
Explanation:

Ans. Fibromuscular dysplasia


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