SCALP & SUPERFICIAL TEMPORAL REGIION SCALP & SUPERFICIAL TEMPORAL REGIION SCALP: Soft tissue which covers the clavira of skull. LAYERS OF SCALP: CONSISTS OF FIVE LAYERS 1. Skin: Thick and hairy. Adherent to the epicranial aponuerosis through the dense superficial fascia. 2. Close network of Connective tissue (superficial fascia): Contain vessels and nerves; highly vascular layer. The scalp gapes when cut, […]
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OPHTHALMIC (V1) NERVE OPHTHALMIC (V1): TRIGEMINAL NERVE First division of the trigeminal nerve. Pure sensory nerve. Smallest of the three divisions of the trigeminal. Function- General sensation (touch, pain & temperature). Cranial exit point- superior orbital fissure. Arises from upper part of the semi lunar ganglion as a short, flattened band, passes forward along the lateral
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MANDIBULAR NERVE MANDIBULAR (V3): TRIGEMINAL NERVE Mixed nerve. Largest of the three divisions of the fifth cranial nerve. Made up of two roots: A large – sensory root proceeding from the inferior angle of the semilunar ganglion. A small motor root which passes beneath the ganglion unites with the sensory root just after it exit foramen ovale. It exits skull
MAXILLARY NERVE MAXILLARY (V2): TRIGEMINAL NERVE Pure SENSORY nerve. Structure It begins at the middle of the trigeminal ganglion as a flattened plexiform band, and, passing horizontally forward. It leaves the skull through the foramen rotundum, where it becomes more cylindrical in form, and firmer in texture. It then crosses the pterygopalatine fossa, inclines lateralward on the back of the maxilla, and
TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA TRIGEMINAL NEURALGIA Or TIC DOULOUREUX Or TRIFACIAL NEURALGIA Or FOTHERGILL’S NEURALGIA Trigeminal neuralgia characterized by intermittent, shooting pain in the face. Most debilitating form of neuralgia affecting the sensory branches of 5th C.N. Disorder of peripheral or central fibres of Trigeminal nerve. 95% of causes of trigeminal neuralgia are due to pressure on trigeminal nerve
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TRIGEMINAL (V) NERVE TRIGEMINAL (V) NERVE INTRODUCTION: Largest cranial nerve, passes through Meckel’s cave. Derived from 1st pharyngeal arch. Mixed nerve (sensory component is more prominent). Large sensory root: carries sensation from the skin and mucosa of most of the head. Smaller motor root: innervates most of the masticatory muscles (masseter, temporalis, pterygoids, mylohyoid), and the tensor tympani muscle of the
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MUSCLES OF PECTORAL REGION MUSCLES OF PECTORAL REGION INTRODUCTION: The pectoral region is located on the anterior chest wall. It contains four muscles that exert a force on the upper limb the pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, serratus anterior and subclavius. PECTORALIS MAJOR: The pectoralis major is the most superficial muscle in the pectoral region. It is large and
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AXILLARY ARTERY AXILLARY ARTERY INTRODUCTION: In human anatomy, the axillary artery is a large blood vessel that conveys oxygenated blood to the lateral aspect of the thorax, the axilla (armpit) and the upper limb. Its origin is at the lateral margin of the first rib, before which it is called the subclavian artery. Cords of brachial plexus are named as per relation with axillary artery behind teres major.
BRACHIAL ARTERY BRACHIAL ARTERY INTRODUCTION: The brachial artery is the major blood vessel of the (upper) arm. It is the continuation of the axillary artery beyond the lower margin of teres major muscle. It continues down the ventral surface of the arm until it reaches the cubital fossa at the elbow. It then divides into the radial and ulnar arteries which run down the forearm. In some individuals, the bifurcation occurs much earlier
Median nerve INTRODUCTION: Median nerve or “labourer’s nerve” (C5, C6,C7, C8,T1) Formed from the branches of medial and lateral cord of brachial plexus. No branches to axilla & arm. Medial most structure in cubital fossa Deep to pronator teres heads Lateral to axillary artery in axilla Passing deep to flexor retinaculum at wrist seen in supracondylar #
