MAO Inhibitors Act by inhibiting metabolism of monoamines Two Isoforms MAO-A [Serotonin & NE] MAO B [Dopamine] Now Rarely used as can cause hypertensive crisis Cheese Reaction: Cheese, Red Wine, Beer contains tyramine which consumed by MAO-A in GI If MAO inhibitors used then tyramine get absorbed resulting in hypertensive crisis Management – Phentolamine
Etiology of depression Biological Factors- Neurotransmitter [ ↓ Levels of Serotonin & NE and dopamine in some cases] Hormonal Disturbances [ Elevated activity in Hypothalamic-pituitary axis, Hypothyroidism Neuroanatomical – ↓ activity in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and ↑ in amygdala [Limbic system] Genetic Factors- CERB 1 on Chromosome 2 [cAMP response element binding protein] Serotonin transporter
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Atypical Antidepressants Trazodone & Nefazodone- SARI- Serotonin Antagonist [Strong] and reuptake inhibitors [Weak] Can cause priapism as a side effect Mirtazapine – NSSA – NE and Specific serotonergic antidepressant Antagonism of presynaptic α2 receptors [↑ Firing of Serotonin & NE Neurons] Sedation & Weight gain but no sexual side effects Bupropion- NDRI – NE and
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Bipolar Disorder Episodes of Both Mania and Depression. [Even If Mania alone present diagnosis ] Male = Female but Manic Episodes more in male and Depressive episodes more in females Average age on onset = 30 Years Types of Bipolar Ds: Bipolar ½-Schizobipolar Ds [Schizoaffective] Bipolar 1-Mania with Depression [Or mania Alone] Bipolar 1 ½-Depression
Question Identify the light colored masses (marked by a white arrow)observed in the horizontal cross section of the heart after a medicolegal autopsy of a 42-year-old female? A. Amyloid. B. Carbohydrates. C. Fats. D. Striated muscles. Show Answer Correct Answer » A Explanation The light colored masses marked by a white arrow in the ventricular wall
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Question . Marker of Carcinoma of skin shown in Photograph is A. Vimentin B. Desmin C. Cytokeratin D. Glial fibrillary acid Protein Show Answer Correct Answer » C Explanation Cytokeratin (Carcinoma shown: Squamous cell carcinoma)
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Question A patient presented with complains of chest pain (retrosternal), tachycardia and dyspnoea, 24 hours after a cardiac surgery.ECG shows the following features.Regarding this condition,which of the following statements are true? A. Colchicine may be given for the treatment. B. Pain is worse in the supine position or upon inspiration. C. Exertion does not change the
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Asherman’s Syndrome To Download the PDF Version of the Video Lecture on Asherman’s Syndrome Asherman’s Syndrome Asherman syndrome is the presence of intrauterine adhesions. Pathophysiologyof Asherman’s Syndrome It is the result of scanty or poorly vascularised and dysfunctional endometrium resulting from trauma. Any result severe enough to remove or destroy endometrium can cause adhesions.
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